Y
Yttrium
Transition MetalAtomic Number: 39 • Atomic Mass: 88.9060 u • Period: 5 • Group: 3
Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹
Phase: Solid
Electronegativity: 1.22
Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- •Silvery-white, relatively stable transition metal
- •Similar to lanthanides in properties
- •High melting point (1799 K or 1526°C)
- •Low neutron absorption cross-section
- •Good conductor of heat and electricity
Melting Point
1799 K (1525.85 °C, 2778.53 °F)
Boiling Point
3609 K (3335.85 °C, 6036.53 °F)
Density
4.469 g/cm³
Electronegativity
1.22 (Pauling scale)
Chemical Properties
- •Forms +3 oxidation state in most compounds
- •Relatively stable in air due to formation of protective oxide layer
- •Reacts with water, but slowly
- •Forms stable complexes with many ligands
- •Chemically similar to heavier lanthanides
Electron Configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹Electron configuration describes how electrons are distributed in atomic orbitals, showing how they are arranged in energy levels and subshells.