Sn
Tin
Post TransitionAtomic Number: 50 • Atomic Mass: 118.7100 u • Period: 5 • Group: 14
Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p²
Phase: Solid
Electronegativity: 1.96
Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- •Silvery-white, malleable post-transition metal
- •Low melting point (505.08 K or 231.93°C)
- •Crystalline structure makes 'tin cry' sound when bent
- •Exists in different allotropes (gray tin, white tin, etc.)
- •Good conductor of heat and electricity
Melting Point
505.08 K (231.93 °C, 449.47 °F)
Boiling Point
2875 K (2601.85 °C, 4715.33 °F)
Density
7.287 g/cm³
Electronegativity
1.96 (Pauling scale)
Chemical Properties
- •Main oxidation states are +2 and +4
- •Forms protective oxide layer in air
- •Resistant to corrosion by water but affected by strong acids and bases
- •Forms numerous organotin compounds
- •At very low temperatures, white tin can transform to gray tin (tin pest)
Electron Configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p²Electron configuration describes how electrons are distributed in atomic orbitals, showing how they are arranged in energy levels and subshells.