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    Si

    Silicon

    Metalloid

    Atomic Number: 14 • Atomic Mass: 28.0850 u • Period: 3 • Group: 14

    Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²
    Phase: Solid
    Electronegativity: 1.9
    Aluminum (Al)Phosphorus (P)
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    Physical & Chemical Properties

    Physical Properties

    • •Dark gray, lustrous, crystalline solid
    • •Semiconductor with increasing conductivity at higher temperatures
    • •Brittle with diamond-cubic crystal structure
    • •High melting point
    Melting Point

    1687 K (1413.85 °C, 2576.93 °F)

    Boiling Point

    3538 K (3264.85 °C, 5908.73 °F)

    Density

    2.33 g/cm³

    Electronegativity

    1.9 (Pauling scale)

    Chemical Properties

    • •Forms a protective oxide layer in air
    • •Mostly unreactive at room temperature
    • •Forms silicates with oxygen (most common in Earth's crust)
    • •Can form compounds with most metals and some non-metals

    Electron Configuration

    1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²

    Electron configuration describes how electrons are distributed in atomic orbitals, showing how they are arranged in energy levels and subshells.