Ru
Ruthenium
Transition MetalAtomic Number: 44 • Atomic Mass: 101.0700 u • Period: 5 • Group: 8
Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁷
Phase: Solid
Electronegativity: 2.2
Physical & Chemical Properties
Physical Properties
- •Hard, brittle, silvery-white metal
- •Member of the platinum group metals
- •High melting point (2607 K or 2334°C)
- •Good electrical conductor
- •Rare and precious metal
Melting Point
2607 K (2333.85 °C, 4232.93 °F)
Boiling Point
4423 K (4149.85 °C, 7501.73 °F)
Density
12.37 g/cm³
Electronegativity
2.2 (Pauling scale)
Chemical Properties
- •Multiple oxidation states from 0 to +8, with +2, +3, and +4 being most common
- •Highly resistant to corrosion and oxidation
- •Not attacked by acids, including aqua regia (except in presence of oxygen)
- •Forms numerous coordination compounds
- •Good catalyst for many chemical reactions
Electron Configuration
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s¹ 4d⁷Electron configuration describes how electrons are distributed in atomic orbitals, showing how they are arranged in energy levels and subshells.