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    B

    Boron

    Metalloid

    Atomic Number: 5 • Atomic Mass: 10.8100 u • Period: 2 • Group: 13

    Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p¹
    Phase: Solid
    Electronegativity: 2.04
    Beryllium (Be)Carbon (C)
    OverviewPropertiesAtomic StructureOccurrenceApplicationsHistory

    Physical & Chemical Properties

    Physical Properties

    • •Black-brown metalloid in crystalline form
    • •High melting point
    • •Low density
    • •Extremely hard in crystalline form (9.5 on Mohs scale)
    Melting Point

    2349 K (2075.85 °C, 3768.53 °F)

    Boiling Point

    4200 K (3926.85 °C, 7100.33 °F)

    Density

    2.34 g/cm³

    Electronegativity

    2.04 (Pauling scale)

    Chemical Properties

    • •Forms extensive compounds with hydrogen (boranes)
    • •Strong Lewis acid
    • •Forms strong covalent bonds
    • •Can form complex network structures

    Electron Configuration

    1s² 2s² 2p¹

    Electron configuration describes how electrons are distributed in atomic orbitals, showing how they are arranged in energy levels and subshells.